VMware vSphere ESXi 8.x
BPDUs sent from VyOS VM to upstream switch are being filtered by the BPDU filter (NetMisc_DropBPDUPackets).
Disable Net.BlockGuestBPDU as per BPDU Filter feature in vSphere:
Note: By disabling BPDU filtering you are allowing all the VM's vNIC's on the ESXi host to send not only LLDP but also other BPDU's