VCB needs to acquire a lease for the file or files associated with the virtual disks of a virtual machine. Normally, the lease block information contains the mapping for the region requested. If the disk is severely fragmented, only a portion of the actual mapping may be returned and additional mapping requests are needed.
If a virtual machine has a previous snapshot, the disk might also be considerably fragmented. The mapping information might not span the entire disk and additional mapping requests are again required.
When vCenter Server notices fragmentation, it logs a Map Disk Region task.