The SCCM connectors for creating devices in CA Software Asset Manager are not importing the operating system field value. Some of the connectors error with invalid column name 'operating_system'.
The database structure changed between the CA SAM 3.x and 4.x release levels. Two fields were moved from the devices table into their own tables:
devices.operating_system, devices.cpu_name
The SAM 4.1.2 release notes mention this change:
The device properties "CPU description" (cpu_name) and "operating system" (operating_system) were marked as deprecated with version 3.6.5 and have
been removed in this release. The tables "CPU types" (cpu_types) and "Operating systems" (operating_systems) should be used instead.
With every release of SAM, if there has been a database change, then the XML for the connectors (SCCM, ITCM, etc) has been updated in the new release to reflect the database changes for that particular SAM release level.
The updated connectors can be found in the new SAM 4.x installation, at this path: \Program Files (x86)\CA\SAM\app\htdocs\prod\docs\connectors\standard\{company\connector}.
If the connector has been customized, then compare your connector XML with the updated connector XML, and modify or merge the changes so that your connector pulls the information from the proper tables and fields.