The following symptoms were noticed:
Edge SWG
ASG
Broadcom licensing and subscription servers (such as validation.es.bluecoat.com) require TLS 1.2 or higher for secure communication.
Checking the SSL configuration (Configuration > SSL > Device Profiles > default) will show that the TLS version is too low.
This can also be noticed from the pcap taken on proxy while reproducing license retrieval:
Enable TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3: