On average, 20% of the COW Heap Memory is used for internal data structure. This means that 80% of the memory can be used for virtual machines. Since root entries mainly occupy the memory, 75% of the memory is used for root entries.
The maximum configurable size for COW Heap Memory is 256 MB. The default configurable size is 192 MB.
For example:
Z = Number of Virtual Machine's
Y = Number of disks
X = Number of snapshotsthat each disk has
W = Size (in bytes)
Z = (75 / 100 * COW_HEAP_SIZE) / ((W / (2 * 1048576) * 4 * X) * Y), where 2 * 1048576 is GDE Coverage and constant 4 is bytes per Root Entry.
If a Virtual Machine has 5 disks, each disk is 80 GB (85899345920 bytes) with 6 levels of snapshots for each disk. The number of Virtual Machines that can be powered-on the ESX host on which the COW Heap size is configured as 256 MB is
= (75 / 100 * 268435456) / ((85899345920 / (2 * 1048576) * 4 * 6) * 5)
Approximately 40 of such Virtual Machines can be powered on.
Note: Use the equation above to calculate your COW requirements and determine your limitations.