When running Federation Services, how to configure dynamic target URL in a SAML request?
The Service Provider can be configured to send the Target URL as RelayState value, and configure the Identity Provider side to use the RelayState value instead of the Target URL.
As per the documentation, this feature allows to define dynamically the target URL (1):
Relay State Overrides Target (SAML 2.0 only) (Optional) Replaces the target field value with the Relay State query parameter value in the request that initiates single sign-on. By selecting this option, you have more control over the target because using the Relay State query parameter lets you dynamically define the target.
The RelayState value should be URL-encoded.