Release : 14.x
/etc/profile.CA is a throwback to CA times when all CA products shared certain components and had to install (or check for presence of) them and that file was a way for all those to find each other.
Licensing was one such component.
That definitely has changed purely from a developer's point of view since checks for acceptance of license agreement being changed from PIM /PAMSC endpoints and UNAB 14 releases a while ago. However, there are still a bunch of places here and there that we check /etc/profile and set internal variables/adjust logic based on it.
They are a harmless non-operational now, but removing them will require a dedicated task to avoid possible side-effects.
As far as permissions on the file, it keeps the file world-readable, but modifiable only by root, so we don't see why there is a concern. These permissions were set to make sure that the license componet is able to read this file.