You do not want to implement a MIP classification profile but you want to detect MIP labels in Outlook via DLP agent.
15.8
16.RU1MP1 and higher
The DLP agent on version 15.8 and versions 16.RU1MP1 and higher can extract information about the applied label and detect it without an MIP classification profile. In order to do that you will have to know the MIP MSIP Label GUID and the Site ID of your M365 tenant and configure a rule to match on that information, eg.
This is not available for 16.0 and 16.0RU1 versions and the only way to detect if MIP label is present would be through MIP detection rule and the classification profile or by upgrading 16.0RU1 to RU1MP1 or 16.0RU2.