While execution a File Trigger job, the agent's 'filemon' plugin allows to retry the attempts to find target file if the 'Scan Failed' error occurred; the setting is regulated by the parameters in the agentparm.txt file:

filemonplugin.scan.retries

filemonplugin.scan.retries.sleep

Does the agent record the attempts made, and in what log file it is recorded?

Release: WKLASE99000-11.3-Workload Automation-Agent SE
Component:

Yes, the agent writes information about the attempts made into the log file called 'filemon_scanner_polling.log'

Note, that the file is created after the Scan Failed occurrence.