If you clone a machine that includes a Registered Computer credential, the credential will stop working without warning sometime after the cloned image is installed.
This is not a supported scenario. Always register each new device with VIP separately (including cloned devices).
Note that any inconsistencies in the domain-registration process for cloned devices may cause a newly-registered credential to stop working, even if the credential was registered after the cloned image was installed. If this occurs, simply re-register the Registered Computer credential.